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fossilshk (Lung)
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[廣告]:

巴西現1.2億年前神秘昆蟲化石(中/英)

【新唐人2011年7月25日訊】科學家發現神秘的昆蟲化石，年代可追溯到1.2億年前，能夠為了解昆蟲進化提供新線索。這種昆蟲好似怪物，長有翅膀，身體與蜻蜓類似，翅脈與蜉蝣相仿，前腳則像祈禱螳螂。研究人員在接受美國《生活科學》雜誌採訪時說：“這種昆蟲融合了一系列特徵，非常怪異，是已知唯一一種四不像的昆蟲種群。”

根據在世界各地發現的2個成年個體和大約30個幼蟲的化石，研究人員創建了一個新的昆蟲目，名為“Coxoplectoptera”。這個新命名的昆蟲種群生活在白堊紀時期，它們沒有任何現代子嗣，與它們血緣關係最近的是蜉蝣。

在德國斯圖加特的自然歷史博物館，昆蟲學家古恩特•拜切利和阿諾德•斯塔尼克澤克偶然間發現了這種來自巴西的昆蟲化石，當時他們正在撰寫一部有關巴西克拉圖化石沉積層的著作。拜切利表示克拉圖化石沉積層發現了數万塊保存完好的化石，所屬年代正是昆蟲進化的一個重要時期。

每隻幼蟲的高度均超過寬度，外形與淡水蝦類似。基於它們的外形和前肢，它們可能半埋在水下泥漿中，伏擊更小的昆蟲。 Coxoplectoptera的前腿用於捕獲和抓住獵物，口器能夠消化獵物，這是現代蜉蝣所不具備的。此外，研究人員同樣發現翅膀起源線索。據信，翅膀形成於昆蟲背板，但這種昆蟲的翅膀似乎由腿進化而來。

2011-7-25 07:56 PM

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Mysterious 'Frankenstein-like' fossils provide fresh clues to evolution of insects

'Frankenstein' insects dating back 120 million years have been discovered among fossils from Brazil.
The monster bugs had the wings and body of a dragonfly, wing veins like those of a mayfly and a praying mantis's forelegs.
'It is a very strange mix of characteristics that are otherwise only known for the unrelated insect groups,' one of the researchers to discover this new group of insects told livescience.com.

Coxoplectoptera: Each larva had a body shape that is taller than wide, resembling that of a freshwater shrimp. With its claws it caught its food

From two adult and about 30 larval fossils in collections around the world, the researchers created a new order of species called Coxoplectoptera.
But this newly named group of insects from the Cretaceous Period has no modern descendants. Their closest living relatives are mayflies.

Bechly and entomologist Arnold Staniczek knew they had found something special when they came across one of the fossil insects in the Museum of Natural History in Stuttgart while working on a book on the Crato fossil deposit in Brazil from which it came.

And Bechly said that the Crato site has produced tens of thousands of well-preserved fossils during a crucial period for insect evolution

Cretaceous: The wings resembled those of a mayfly, but unlike its modern relative the adult did eat

Each larva is taller than it is wide, resembling a freshwater shrimp. Based on their shape and forelimbs, they are believed to have half buried themselves in mud under water and ambushed smaller insect prey.

Coxoplectoptera had forelegs for catching and gripping, as well as mouthparts capable of eating which modern mayflies do not have, he said.

The researchers also found clues to the origin of wings. They are believed to have come from the insect back plates; however, these insects' wings appear to have developed from legs.
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/scien ... .html#ixzz1T7K6EM69

2011-7-25 07:57 PM